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African Animals There are two major types of elephants, the African Elephant (two species) and the Asian Elephant (one species). African Elephants are the biggest land animals. Asian elephants are slightly smaller. Elephants have very strong social bonds and live in family groups headed by a female (called a cow). Males (called bulls) occasionally join the group. Elephants are excellent swimmers. They have few natural enemies except man, and they are in danger of extinction due to loss of habitat and poaching (they are killed for their ivory tusks -- two long, protruding upper teeth). Anatomy: Elephants are from 8-10 feet (2.5-3 m) tall at the shoulder, weighing roughly 6 tons (5,400 kg). Males are larger than females. Elephants have very thick, wrinkled, gray-brown skin that is almost hairless. After a pregnancy of 22 months (the longest of all animals), calves (baby elephants) are born weighing 200 pounds (90 kg) - more than most human adults! The ears not only hear well, but also help the elephant lose excess heat, as hot blood flows near the surface. Trunk: Elephants breathe through two nostrils at the end of their trunk, which is an extension of the nose. The trunk is also used to get water and food. To get water, the elephant sucks water into the trunk, then curls the trunk towards the mouth and squirts the water into it. The trunk has two prehensile (grasping) extensions at the tip, which it uses like a hand. Diet: Elephants eat roots, grasses, leaves, fruit, and bark. They use their tusks and trunk to get food. These herbivores spend most of their time eating. Bulls can eat up to 300-600 pounds (130-260 kg) of food each day.African Safari holiday adventures in Kenya &Tanzania I have been on a number of African Safari’s. Some I have organised my self using a hire rental car and the other with a tour company. There are lots of airlines that will get you to Africa, British Airways, South African Airways, Virgin Airlines to name just a few. To get cheaper tickets try to plan eleven months in advance. That is when long haul tickets are first released. The first batch are normally snapped up by travel agents like expideia.com or ebookers.com. Book with them. The later you leave it the more expensive the tickets become. When should you go. Autumn or spring is the best time if you are heading for South Africa as the grass and foliage is not to thick and you can see more game. For Kenya and Tanzania September to December. Organised Tanzania safaris will take you to Arushia National Park which is a game reserve in an old volcano and then head off down the scarp slope of the African Rift Valley and then up the other side to the famous Serengeti. You will more than likely spend a few nights under canvas as Tanzania has not built many Safari lodges. |
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